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Li Xi (Tang dynasty)
Li Xi (李谿) (per the ''Zizhi Tongjian'' and the ''History of the Five Dynasties''〔''History of the Five Dynasties'', vol. 58.〕) or Li Qi (李磎) (per the ''Old Book of Tang'' and the ''New Book of Tang'') (d. June 4, 895〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 260.〕〔(Academia Sinica Chinese-Western Calendar Converter ).〕), courtesy name Jingwang (景望), nicknamed Li Shulou (李書樓), was an official of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, serving briefly as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong. With imperial power dwindling, Li Xi's fellow chancellor Cui Zhaowei, who associated with the warlords Li Maozhen, Wang Xingyu, and Han Jian, encouraged Li Maozhen, Wang, and Han to march on the capital Chang'an. Once the three warlords arrived in Chang'an, they put Li Xi and his fellow chancellor Wei Zhaodu to death.
== Background and early career ==
It is not known when Li Xi was born. His family claimed to be descended from the Warring States period State of Zhao general Li Mu and also claimed ancestry through a line of officials of Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, and Jin Dynasty (265-420).〔''New Book of Tang'', vol. 72.()()〕 His grandfather Li Yong was briefly chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xianzong, but resigned soon after being named chancellor.〔''Old Book of Tang'', vol. 157.〕 Li Xi's father Li Shi (李拭) served as a chronicler of the emperor's acts〔 and also served in several other important positions, including military governor (''Jiedushi'') of two different circuits.〔''New Book of Tang'', vol. 146.〕
Li Xi was considered well-learned and a skillful writer. He passed the imperial examinations in 859, during the reign of Emperor Xianzong's son Emperor Xuānzong, in the ''Jinshi'' (進士) class, on his first try.〔 At one point, he was made ''Hubu Langzhong'' (戶部郎中), a supervisory official at the ministry of census (戶部, ''Hubu''), but had his office at the eastern capital Luoyang, not at the capital Chang'an. He had once submitted a petition accusing the eunuch Hao Jingquan (郝景全) of impropriety, but was instead himself accused of violating naming taboo of Emperor Xianzong's father Emperor Shunzong (who was named Li Song) by using the character ''Song'' (訟, a different character than Emperor Shunzong's name) in his petition; he was initially punished by having part of his salary withheld. Li Xi submitted another petition, pointing out that the phrase he used was used in imperial edicts of the past and that he should not be punished for quoting imperial edicts; the punishment against him was then reversed.〔
When the major agrarian rebel Huang Chao captured Luoyang in 879,〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 254.〕 by which time Emperor Xuānzong's grandson Emperor Xizong was emperor, Li Xi took eight seals used by the executive bureau of government (尚書省, ''Shangshu Sheng''), crossed the Yellow River, and fled to Heyang (河陽, in modern Luoyang, Henan).〔 The defender of Luoyang, Liu Yunzhang (劉允章), who had surrendered to Huang Chao,〔 sent messengers to Li Xi demanding the seals; Li Xi refused to yield them. This made Liu realize that he should not submit to Huang either, and he subsequently repudiated his allegiance to Huang.〔 At a later point, when Li Yun the Prince of Xiang challenged Emperor Xizong for the throne in 886,〔''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 256.〕 Li Xi happened to be staying away from the warfare in Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and he tried, in vain, to persuade Huainan's military governor Gao Pian not to recognize Li Yun as emperor. At a later point, Li Xi was recalled to Chang'an to serve at ''Zhongshu Sheren'' (中書舍人), a mid-level official at the legislative bureau (中書省, ''Zhongshu Sheng''), as well as imperial scholar (翰林學士, ''Hanlin Xueshi''). At a later point, he resigned and retired to Huayin, but was yet later recalled to again serve as imperial scholar.〔
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